X-15 MISSION CHRONOLOGY

Before the X-15 flight program, there was considerable reservation about the pilots' ability to consistently land a power-off, low lift-drag ratio airplane. The X-15, however, had excellent handling qualities and large variable deflection speed brakes and it proved easy to land. All the pilots used a circling approach that commenced at 30,000 to 50,000 feet above the runway, and they stayed high on profile until assured that they would reach the runway, at which time speed brakes were used to descend onto a nominal glideslope. The landing gear was left retracted, for drag reduction, until completing the landing flare and the aircraft in level flight.

There were 196 successful landings in the program, and the two landing accidents that occurred were related to system or structural failures and not to pilot error.

X-15 Engine Explosion upon engine start

The first accident happened early in the program when an engine explosion occurred during engine start, and the pilot was forced to land at the launch lake. Not all of the propellants jettisoned; also, the oil in the nose strut had become aerated. Thus, the aircraft was heavyweight, and the nose strut did not provide the designed shock absorption. In spite of this, the damage was minor, and the airplane was back in the air in three months with a modified nose strut able to handle the landing loads.

X-15 Landing Incident

Again, engine failure caused the second landing accident. Here the fuel was jettisoned, but the landing flaps failed to extend. The landing was therefore fast and the high download on the main gear after nosewheel touchdown combined with a faulty weld, caused the left main gear to fail. The aircraft veered sideways and rolled over, damaging the wings; destroying the tail surfaces, and injuring the pilot, who suffered three crushed vertebrae.

A third inflight accident resulted in the loss of Pilot Michael Adams, Sr.

Maj. Michael J. Adams, Sr.

radar

MISSION CHRONOLOGY


back Home Email
© Copyright 2001-, Dreamland Resort. All rights reserved. See a broken link or error - please email the webmaster. Page last modified 03/31/2022